Hydraulic transmission



Dub 1943. N. P. VLAHOYANN'ES 2,333,017

HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed June 2, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet N P Vlaizo yannczg Dec. 28, 1943.

N. P. YLAHOYANNES v HYDRAi Ic TRANSMISSION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 imed June 2, 1941 Illlllllll Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll lllllllllllllllllll lllllllllllllllllllll llllllllll I %iiijllll I Patented Dec; 28, 1-943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,338,017 V HYDRAULIC TRANs'MissmN I ,w I Nickolas Vlahoyanne's, smeveportm; v Application-June 2, 1941, Serial No. 396,331

' This invention relates I to power transmitting devices. g

An obj ect-of this invention is to provide apower transmitting device acting through a rockable pitma'n' and a hydrauliczmeans whereby the power applied to the .pitman canibe transmitte'dto one or more additional pitmans without" substantial loss-of power. v a I .i'Another object of this-invention is to provide w power transmittingadevi'ce' of this kind whereby the-degree of vertical'rockingof the driving pit man can be transmitted to ":a remote driven pitman, and the degree'i of vertical rockingfof the driven pitman may be equal to, more or less than, the driving pitman.- I

further object of thiskind is to provide a power transmitting device of this kind including a; driving pitman,

connected with a =drivene1ement, an intermediate. pitman, a hydraulic connection between the driving pitman :andthe intermediate pitma'n, and a: second hydraulic eonnectionbetwe'en the in termediate pitman and the driven pitman; the hydraulic connectioits-beingso= constructed as to provide the desiredkrocking :m vemerifi' r' the driven pitman irrespectiveof the 'degree of rock-- ing movement of the driving -pitmanQ With the foregoin'g and therobjects-idyiew;

the' invention will-:be more 'fully des'criloed' herei-nafter, and will be" more"particularly pointed out in'itheclaims appendedheretoF H I In-xthe=drawings wherein like sy rribcls rfer'to like or corresponding parts throughout -the'-'sev= er'ailviews', 1 1i I g 5 Figure 1- is =a to p1an ofa series of power transmitting. devices constructed according to an embodiment of this invention. I

1 -Figure2'is a detail side elevation-"of the appa ratus. A g i isavertical sectional v-view'of one of :-Fig=ure'-3 thehydraulic'units'. v v Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the-line l--'- l',of-'Fig-. 1. a Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectionalvie' onthe1ine 5 =5 of' Fig-.-1.

Referring i to the drawings; the i numera designates 'a drive shaftwhich'is '-journalled in" a pair-of spaced apart bearing}"standards l-"l' and I 2; Theshaft thereofl and a driving be1t' 'l 4' is trained about the pulley l3 and also about a power pulleyinet' snewn) The shaft also-has fixed; thereto-*a-gear' l and a gear l6 which is spaced from th ge r 159' A crankshaft, generally designated i n ken win-nailed be'twnth abearinstandards a Va .driven-pitman operatively I2 above the" drivingrshait 1 o; mmnksas I1 includes =a:mainshaft member. l8which has.

fixed thereto or formed integrally therewith a pair of spaced apart gear member's';l9..and' 20.. which are adapted to mes-h with the driving gears 15 and 16, respectively, and an offset-crank pin 2 l is secured between each ,pair' of gear members It andfHi; a .o

A" vertically disposed pitman standard 22 is disposed in forwardly spaced relation with respent to thebearingistanda'rds -l lrandill, and 1a pitman 23 is rockably mounted: asatiH-on the upper portion of thefsta'ndardfl. V'Ihepitmanj23 has a long :lever portio-n25 extending rearwardly of the pivot 24, and a short lever portion 2.6;extending forwardiy of the pivot '24. Thejreariend of' the lever r'portion 25 is pivotally connected as at ll to the -upper end of a connecting .rod 128, thelower end-of the connecting rod 28 being pivotallyg-mounted on the'cran-k pin, 2l. V s g 1A vertically disposed, hydraulic"cyLinde Jgenerall-y designated as '29;, .is disposed'forwardlyxof the pitm an; standard 22,;andrinc1udesa cylindrical body 39, a lower head 3|,and anoupperhead 32:. j The lower head 3 l projects horizontallyand outwardly iof the peripherytof the body as at 33;;an'd forms with the lower head 31, aibas'e structurefifor the cylinder .19; Theupper end of the body -30 -,;is formed with an outwardly extending flange 34,1and the upper flange 341 by fastening' devices 35. A

' The -cylinder-29 ha'si slidable therein a piston structure generally designated as 36; and? the piston structure 362-includes i'a .pair of' vertica-lly space'diapart pistonime'mbers '31 and 38;" A short connecting rod 39'is fixed to and'disposed between the'piston members 31 andISB, and the space All 'bietweenthe pistonmemberstl and'38 coristitute's an oil chamber within which-oil is adapted to be positioned for. constantly- "lubricating" the piston membersfland 38 and thewall of the cylindrical body-30; vL 1 A pi'stonlred '41 .is 'fixed to the upper piston member 3T and extends upwardly therefrom and through agland'i42a carriedby the upper head; The upper endof the ston'rod l i is f xed to or formed integral wit a 'T shaped header-slide 42, andxthe head or slide'fl has straddling the stem portion '43 thereof thefbifureated forward end 4'4: of the pitmairr i 23. 'Ihe"biturca;ted' end M of the' 'fpitman 23 is rovided withlafi jelong'ated slolti4'5 in each 'arrn thereof; and spin 46 extends throu'gihthe s'te'rn43 and 'isslidable in the" slots 45 orethe-iarmsor thefbiiurcated ens-fil er the pitmanIZS, 1

head32j'i s' secured on the The head or slide 42 is vertically slidable in a vertically disposed guide generally designated as 41 which is mounted upon and extends upwardly from the upper head 32. The guide 41 includes a vertically disposed body 48 formed with a pair of guide flanges 49 disposed in spaced apart parallel relation, and a plate 50 is fixed to each flange 49 and extends inwardly therefrom, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to slidingly hold the head or slide 42 in the guide structure 41. The guide body 48 is formed with a vertically disposed cutout confronting the flanged portion 52 of the head or slide 42, and a plurality of rollers or anti-friction elements 53 are rotatably mounted in the cutout 5| and engage against the inner side of the flanged portion 52 of the head or slide 42.

The cylinder or body 38 has secured thereto a pair of vertically spaced apart filler members 54 and 55 which are adapted to communicate with the oil chamber 40 so that oil may be discharged into the chamber 40 in any position of the piston structure 36. When the piston structure 36 is in its lowermost position oil may be discharged into the chamber 49 through the lower filler member 54, and the oil may be discharged into the chamber 40 when the piston structure 36 is in its uppermost position through the filler member 55. When the piston structure is in an intermediate position, as shown in Fig. 2, oil may be discharged into the chamber 40 through either or both filler members 54 and 55. l

The cylinder or body 30 is provided adjacent the lower end thereof with a fluid port 56, and is provided adjacent the upper end thereof with a fluid port 51. A lower nipple 58 is fixed to the cylinder or body 30 and communicates with the cylinder 30 through the port 56. An upper nipple 59 is fixed to the cylinder 38 and communicates with the cylinder 39 through the upper port 51.

A reduced diameter cylinder 68 is disposed in spaced parallel relation with respect to the cylinder 30, and is provided at its lower end with an angularly disposed extension 6| which is fixed to the nipple 58. A flanged nipple 62 is carried by the cylinder 60 adjacent the upper portion thereof and is fixed to the flanged nipple 59, so that the fluid from the lower portion of the cylinder 30 will be forced into the lower portion of the piston 60 through the port 56, and the fluid from the upper portion of the cylinder 30 will be forced into the upper portion of thecylinder through the port 51.

A driven piston structure, generally designated as 63 is slidable in the cylinder 60, and includes a lower piston member 64, an upper piston member 65, and a short connecting rod 66. The space. 61 between the piston members 64 and 65 constitutes an oil chamber, and oil is adapted to be discharged into the chamber 66 through a pair of vertically spaced apart filler members 68 and 69. A cylinder head 10 is threaded into the upper end of the cylinder 60, and a vertically disposed connecting rod 1| which is connected at its lower end to the piston structure 63 extends through the head 10, and is slidingly sealed relative to the head 10 by means of a gland 12.

A T-shaped sliding head 13 is fixed to or formed integral with the upper end of the connecting rod 1|, and the head 13 has the flanges 14 thereof disposed between outwardly extending flanges carried by the guide body 48, and a pair of plates 16 are fixed to the outer edges of the flanges 15 and engage on opposite sides of the stem portion 11 of the head 13. The uide.48

is formed with a second cutout 18 opposite from the cutout 5|, and a plurality of rollers or antifriction elements 19 are rotatably disposed in the cutout 18 and engage again the inner face of the head 13.

An intermediate pitman 88 formed with a fork 8| at its rear end is provided with an elongated slot 82 in each arm of the fork through which a pin 83 engages. The intermediate pitman 88 is rockably mounted as at 84 on the upper end of an intermediate pitman standard, and the forward end of the intermediate pitman 86 is pivotally and slidingly engaged with a sliding head 86 as indicated at 81. The sliding head 86 is connected by means of a connecting rod 88 to a forward hydraulic unit, generally designated as 89. The details of construction of the hydraulic unit 89 are similar in every detail to the details of construction of the first hydraulic unit 29.

The unit 89 is provided with a driven sliding head 90 with which a forward pitman s D V Y and slidingly connected. The forward pitman 9| is rockably mounted as at 92 On the upper end of a forward pitman standard 93, and the forward end of the pitman 9| is pivotally connected to the upper end of a vertically disposed connecting rod 94. The lower end of the connecting rod 94 is pivotally connected to the offset crank pin 01' a driven crankshaft 95 having a driven pulley 96 fixed thereto, and the pulley 96'has a driven belt 91 trained thereabout. m'I'he belt 91 is adaptedto be connected to a suitable driven element (not shown) which is adapted to be operated from the drive shaft l0.

The hereinbefore described hydraulic "power transmitting apparatus .forms a single power transmitting unit or section which in Fig. 1 is given the general designation A. As shown in Fig. 1 there are three power transmitting units or sections A, B and C. which are of identical construction, the units or sections B and 0 being similar in detail to each other and to the unit or section A, hereinbefore described. Preferably the forward and rear ends of the units B and C are connected with the driven and driving shafts 95 and I0, respectively, .at circumferentially offset points so that no more than one crank pin will be on dead center at one time.

In operation, thedrive shaft, I0 is rotated by means of the belt |4. Rotation of the shaft III will vertically rock the rear. pitman 23 and reciprocate the piston structure36 withinthe cylinder 38. The cylinder 30 is adapted to haveia liquid disposed therein on opposite sides of the piston structure 36, and a lubricating liquid,such as oil or the like, is adapted to be positioned in the chamber 40. As the piston structure 36 moves downwardly the liquid in the lower portion thereof will be forced out through the lower port 56, and the driven piston structure 63'will be forced upwardly. The liquid in the cylinder 60 above the piston structure 63 will be forced back into the cylinder 30 throug the'upper port 51. A relatively short vertical movement of the driving piston structure 36 will produce acorrespondingly long vertical movement for the piston structure 63 which is translated through the forward hydraulic unit 89 into rotary motion with respect to the driven shaft 95'. The ratioof lever arms 25 and 26 to the pistons are such that the speed of the driven shaft 95 will be proportional to the speed of the shaft I0 and no trapping of liquid will occur.

It will be understood that the length of move? ment of the driven piston structure 63 will be determined by the differences in the diameters of the cylinders 30 and 60 and the movement of the driving piston structure 36.

What is claimed is:

1. In a power transmitting apparatus, ahydraulic power transferring structure'comprising a vertically disposed driving cylinder, a driving piston slidable in said cylinder, a driven cylinder disposed laterally of said driving cylinder and having a diameter substantially less than the diameter of said driving cylinder, a driven piston slidable in said driven cylinder, a vertically disposed guide means carried by said driving cylinder, a

T-shaped driving head slidably engaging said guide means, means connecting said driving head with said driving piston, a T-shaped driven head slidably engaging said guide meanslaterally of said first head, means connecting said driven head with said driven piston, meansfor reciprocating said driving head, and means whereby the movement of said driven piston and driven head may be connected with a driven element.

2. In a power transmitting apparatus, a hydraulic power transferring structure comprising a vertically disposed driving cylinder, a driving piston slidable in said cylinder, a driven cylinder disposed laterally of said driving cylinder and having a diameter substantially less than the diameter of said driving cylinder, means communicating said cylinders with each other adjacent opposite ends thereof, a vertically disposed guide means carried by said driving cylinder, a T- shaped driving head slidably engaging said guide means, means connecting said driving head with said driving piston, a T-shaped driven head slidably engaging said guide means oppositely 

